{"id":923,"date":"2014-06-12T13:32:56","date_gmt":"2014-06-12T05:32:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/?p=923"},"modified":"2014-06-12T13:32:56","modified_gmt":"2014-06-12T05:32:56","slug":"selenium-webdriver%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%94%a8%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/?p=923","title":{"rendered":"Selenium WebDriver\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u638c\u63e1selenium<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/GettingStarted\">\u521d\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/a>\u540e\uff0c\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684WebDrvier<\/h2>\n<p><code>WebDriver<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/HtmlUnitDriver\"><code>HtmlUnitDrvier<\/code><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/FirefoxDriver\"><code>FirefoxDriver<\/code><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/InternetExplorerDriver\"><code>InternetExplorerDriver<\/code><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/ChromeDriver\"><code>ChromeDriver<\/code><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/selenium\/wiki\/OperaDriver\"><code>OperaDriver<\/code><\/a>,\u9664\u4e86 <code>InternetExplorerDriver<\/code>\u53ea\u80fd\u5728Windows\u5e73\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6WebDriver\u5747\u80fd\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8ffd\u6c42\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\uff0cHtmlUnitDriver\u662f\u9996\u9009\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u770b\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528FirefoxDrvier\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u6d4b\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001CSS\u7684\u503c\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c31\u662f\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 HtmlUnitDriver.<\/p>\n<pre><code>WebDriver  driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5bfc\u822a<\/h2>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86WebDriver\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u9875\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u8c03\u7528get\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.get(\"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>WebDriver\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\"onload\"\u65b9\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u548c\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u9875\u9762\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bb2\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u7684html\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;input type=\"text\" name=\"passwd\" id=\"passwd-id\" \/&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>WebElement element;\nelement = driver.findElement(By.id(\"passwd-id\"));\nelement = driver.findElement(By.name(\"passwd\"));\nelement = driver.findElement(By.xpath(\"\/\/input[@id='passwd-id']\"));\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7text\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u4e2aLink\u65f6\uff0ctext\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7xpath\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5230\u591a\u6761\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u5230\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b<code>NoSuchElementException<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>WebDriver\u62e5\u6709\"Object-baseed\" API,\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528WebElement\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u3002WebElement\u7c7b\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u65e0\u6548\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0cWebDriver\u4f1a\u5c3d\u529b\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\"meta\"\u6807\u7b7e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528\u4e86WebElement\u7684\"SetSelected()\"\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cWebDriver\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aElement\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u60f3\u952e\u5165\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>element.sendKeys(\"sone text\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\"Keys\"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>element.sendKeys(\" and some\", Keys.ARROW_DOWN);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8c03\u7528\"sendKeys()\"\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u8ffd\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u4e00\u4e2ainput\u6807\u7b7e\u6216\u8005textarea\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>element.clear();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u586b\u5199\u8868\u5355<\/h2>\n<p>\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u952e\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u5462\uff1f\u5982checkboxes\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u4e2d\uff1b\"OPTION\"\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\"setSelected()\"\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5904\u7406Select\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>WebElement select = driver.findElement(By.xpath(\"\/\/select\"));\nList&lt;WebElement&gt; allOptions = select.findElements(By.tagName(\"option\"));\nfor(WebElement option : allOptions)\n{\n    System.out.println(String.format(\"Value is \" %s, option.getAttribute(\"value\")));\n    option.click();\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u4e2aSelect\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709option\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aclick\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u9009\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5176\u5b9eWebDrvier\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86Select\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u5feb\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\"selectByIndex()\"\u3001\"selectByValue()\"\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u5355\u586b\u5199\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u70b9\u51fb\u63d0\u4ea4\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.findElement(By.id(\"submit\")).click();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\uff0cWebElement\u63d0\u4f9b\"submit()\"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5904\u5728form\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u7684submit\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cWebDriver\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5904\u4e8eform\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\"NoSuchElementException\"\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>element.submit();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u62d6\u653e<\/h2>\n<p>WebDriver\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u62d6\u653e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u62d6\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u62d6\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(\"source\"));\nWebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name(\"target\"));\n(new Actions(driver)).dragAndDrop(element, target).perform();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5207\u6362window\u6216\u8005Frame<\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u7684web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5355\u4e2awindow\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u7684frame\u3002WebDrvier\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\"switchTO\"\u65b9\u6cd5\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ed6window\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.switchTo().window.(\"windowName\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0cdriver\u5c31\u4f1a\u5207\u6362\u5230windowName\u8fd9\u4e2awindow\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6windowName\u5462\uff1f\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\" target=\"windowName\"&gt;\u70b9\u51fb\u6253\u5f00\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3&lt;\/a&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\"window handle\"\u6765\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7684window<\/p>\n<pre><code>for(String handle : driver.getWindowHandles())\n{\n    driver.switchTo().window(handle);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5207\u6362frame\uff08\u6216\u8005iframe\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.switchTo().frame(\"frameName\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>switchTo()\u53ef\u4ee5\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7index\u6765\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n<pre><code>drvier.switchTo().frame(\"frameName\")\n      .switchTo().frame(0)\n      .switchTo().frame(\"child\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0cdriver\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\"frameName\"\u8fd9\u4e2aframe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50frame\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50frame\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f\"child\"\u7684frame\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u56de\u5230\u9876\u7ea7\u7684frame\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.switchTo().defaultContent();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u5bfc\u822a\uff1aHistory\u548cLocation<\/h2>\n<p>\u65e9\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528WebDriver\u7684get\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\"\u3002WebDriver\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.navigate().to(\"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\");\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\"navigate().to()\"\u548c\"get()\"\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\"get()\"\u62fc\u5199\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\"navigete\"\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u548c\u540e\u9000\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>driver.navigate().forward();\ndriver.navigate().back();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Cookies<\/h2>\n<p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0ccookie\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u57df\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u60f3\u64cd\u4f5cA\u57df\u540d\u7684cookie\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f60\u8981\u8ba9\u5207\u6362\u5230A\u57df\u540d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/\/\u6253\u5f00\u57df\u540d\ndriver.get(\"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\");\n\n\/\/\u6dfb\u52a0Cookie\nCookie cookie = new Cookie(\"uuid\", \"abcdedfjeiajfei\");\ndriver.manage().addCookie(cookie);\n\n\/\/\u904d\u5386\u5f53\u524d\u57df\u540d\u7684cookie\nSet(Cookie) allCookies = driver.manage().getCookies();\nfor(Cookie loadedCookie : allCookies)\n{\n    System.out.println(String.format(\"%s ---&gt; %s\", loadedCookie.getName(), loadedCookie.getValue()));\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u638c\u63e1selenium\u521d\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u3002 \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684WebDrvier WebDriver\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fHtmlUnitDrvier\u3001FirefoxDriver\u3001Intern&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[8,50,7,5,22,42,41],"class_list":["post-923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-coding","tag-java","tag-selenium","tag-7","tag-5","tag-22","tag-42","tag-41"],"views":8067,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=923"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":924,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923\/revisions\/924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeetrack.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}